Honey is a healing wonder of nature, its use dating back thousands of years. Not only is honey depicted in Stone Age paintings,[i] but it's referenced as a drug and ointment on a Sumerian writing tablet from 2100 to 2000 BC. Aristotle also referred to honey as a useful salve for sore eyes and wounds circa 384-322 BC.[ii]

There's a reason why honey was prized for both nutrition and medicine in ancient times, and even with all the advances of modern medicine, it's still worthy of a prominent position in your medicine chest.

Given its commonality and tendency to be regarded as primarily a sweetener for tea or biscuits, it's easy to overlook the complexity of this sticky substance. But honey is known to contain hundreds of compounds,[iii] each with its own potential role to play in your health.

What Exactly Is Honey?

Honey starts with nectar, a sweet liquid made by plants. Honey bees visit flowers and drink the nectar, which is made up of about 80% water, via their proboscis, a special straw-like tongue.

The nectar is carried in their "honey stomach" and mixed with the enzyme invertase, produced in bees' salivary glands (bees can carry a load of nectar close to their own bodyweight -- an aeronautical feat!).[iv] This catalyzes the process of changing the sucrose found in nectar into the glucose and fructose found in honey.[v]

Other enzymes are also involved in turning nectar into honey, changing its flavor and pH, for instance. Once back at the hive, forager honey bees transfer the nectar, via their mouths, to house bees, which regurgitate and re-consume the nectar repeatedly, over a period of about 20 minutes, exposing it to more enzymes, breaking down its sugars and reducing its moisture content even more, to about 20% water.[vi]

At that point, the nectar is put into a honeycomb where the bees use their wings as fans to dry the honey out until it contains only about 17% to 18% water. The honeycomb is then capped with beeswax for storage. In the hive, honey is mixed with pollen to make food known as bee bread for baby bees, but humans also get to enjoy the benefits of honey bees' creations when using honey for their own purposes.

Five Medicinal Uses for Honey

1. Help Heal Wounds and Burns

For minor cuts, scratches and burns, honey can be applied topically to help speed healing. Honey acts as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent and is known to lower prostaglandin levels while elevating nitric oxide end products, processes that help explain honey's wound-healing powers.[vii]

Honey's unique formulation, including its acidity, hydrogen peroxide content, osmotic effect and antioxidants, is responsible for a number of beneficial processes that stimulate and promote wound healing, such as:[viii]

• Enhanced tissue growth
• Increased epithelialization
• Reduced scar formation
• Stimulation of immunity

Honey is so powerful that in a study of critically ill children with pressure injuries, the use of a Manuka honey dressing/gel decreased wound healing time compared to standard care. In fact, the children treated with honey were 1.9 more likely to have their wound completely healed than those who received only standard care.[ix]

2. Soothe Coughs and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

Honey is regarded as highly beneficial in soothing irritating coughs, according to the ancient Indian medical system known as Ayurveda. Hippocrates was also known to use honey for coughs.[x] Modern research supports this use, with honey found to relieve cough symptoms better than no treatment, placebo and the antihistamine diphenhydramine. It also shortens the duration of cough better than the asthma drug salbutamol.[xi]

A systematic review and meta-analysis also revealed that honey was superior to usual care for improving symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections, including a reduction in cough frequency and severity.[xii] Among children with upper respiratory tract infections, honey also worked as well as the over-the-counter cough medication dextromethorphan, and better than no treatment, for relief of nighttime cough.

Further, parents rated honey more favorably than cough syrup, such that researchers concluded, "Honey may be a preferable treatment for the cough and sleep difficulty associated with childhood upper respiratory tract infection."[xiii]

Even the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention advises, "Use honey to relieve cough for adults and children at least 1 year of age or older."[xiv] Note that children under 1 year of age shouldn't consume honey because it can carry Clostridium botulinum bacteria.

3. Support Oral Health

Unlike sugar, which is detrimental to oral health, honey has multiple pharmacological properties that support good oral health. Among them:[xv]

Manuka honey, when applied to the gums twice daily, even reduced plaque formation on par with chlorhexidine mouthwash and significantly better than xylitol chewing gum.[xvi]

4. Relieve Hemorrhoid Symptoms

Honey's antibacterial and wound-healing properties make it a useful natural remedy for hemorrhoid relief. In a pilot study, a mixture of honey, olive oil and beeswax (at a ratio of 1:1:1) significantly reduced bleeding and itching in patients with hemorrhoids.[xvii]

The mixture also reduced pain, bleeding and itching in patients with anal fissures and was previously found to be effective for diaper rash, psoriasis, eczema and fungal infections of the skin.

5. Heal Dandruff and Seborrheic Dermatitis

Applying honey to your scalp may stop dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis, a form of eczema that causes scaly, greasy patches and redness, often on the scalp.

Applying a daily mixture of 90% honey and 10% water to scalp lesions, then rubbing it in for two to three minutes and letting it sit for three hours before rinsing, relieved itching and scaling after one week of treatment.[xviii] After two weeks, skin lesions had also healed and a subjective improvement in hair loss was noted.

Beware of Adulterated Honey

When choosing honey to apply to minor cuts or help relieve dandruff on your scalp, quality matters. Raw honey is closest to its natural form and will retain much of its beneficial enzymes, amino acids and antioxidants. Because raw honey comes straight from the honeycomb, it is cloudy and contains additional beneficial substances like bee pollen and bee propolis.

Most honey sold in stores is pasteurized, however, which may damage antioxidants and enzymes while destroying bee pollen, bee propolis and other compounds responsible for many of honey's healing effects. Pasteurized honey is clear with a longer shelf-life than raw honey but isn't likely to be useful for therapeutic effects.

Pasteurized honey is also commonly adulterated with sugar or mixed with low-quality honey to make it more profitable. Far from supporting health, consuming adulterated honey may have adverse effects on your liver, kidneys, heart and brain.[xix] Depending on your needs, there's also medical-grade honey and Manuka honey, which is particularly known for its antibacterial properties and wound-healing potential.

When it comes to soothing a cough or making a homemade dandruff remedy, however, there's little downside -- and limitless upsides -- to keeping a jar of high-quality raw honey in your medicine chest.

© 8/8/2022 GreenMedInfo LLC. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of GreenMedInfo LLC. Want to learn more from GreenMedInfo? Sign up for the newsletter here //www.greenmedinfo.com/greenmed/newsletter
 

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