Human trafficking is considered a form of modern-day slavery. It is a multi-billion-dollar industry and occurs in all parts of the world. It is believed that at the latest count, over 20 million people, from all walks of life, have been victims of human trafficking. Victims can be of any age, race, and gender regardless of immigration status. These victims live in cities, suburbs and rural areas in every state of the U.S., as well as other countries. While there are no concrete indicators for human trafficking victims, there are general indicators that may indicate the need for further investigation and support services. As healthcare providers we are in a unique situation to identify these indicators.
Recognize the Signs of Human Trafficking for Healthcare Professionals
Physical health indicators may include signs physical abuse or unexplained injuries:
Bruising, burns, cuts or wounds
Signs of blunt force trauma or fractures
Broken teeth
Signs of torture
Severe weight loss or malnutrition
Sexually transmitted infections, and/or an unusually high number of sexual partners
Repeated unwanted pregnancies
Forced abortions
Genital trauma
General indicators of human trafficking may include:
Shares a scripted or inconsistent history
Unwillingness/hesitancy to answer questions about an injury or illness
Is accompanied by an individual that speaks for/interprets for the patients; refuses to leave patient alone (no privacy within the examination room/hospital room)
Evidence of controlling or dominating relationships
Demonstration of fear, avoidance of eye contact, nervous behavior
Demonstration of hostile or resistant behavior
Is unable or unwilling to provide home address
Is not aware of current day, date, time, or location
Does not have identification paperwork: driver’s license, photo identification, passport
Is not being paid or wages are being withheld
Does not have control over their own money
Tattoos or other branding
Inappropriate clothing for current weather conditions
To request help or report suspected human trafficking, call the National Human Trafficking Hotline at 1-888-373-7888 or text 233733.